distillation
from
The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48
Distillation \Dis`til*la"tion\ (d[i^]s`t[i^]l*l[=a]"sh[u^]n), n.
[F. distillation, L. destillatio.]
1. The act of falling in drops, or the act of pouring out in
drops.
[1913 Webster]
2. That which falls in drops. [R.] --Johnson
[1913 Webster]
3. (Chem.) The separation of the volatile parts of a
substance from the more fixed; specifically, the operation
of driving off gas or vapor from volatile liquids or
solids, by heat in a retort or still, and the condensation
of the products as far as possible by a cool receiver,
alembic, or condenser; rectification; vaporization;
condensation; as, the distillation of illuminating gas and
coal, of alcohol from sour mash, or of boric acid in
steam.
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Note: The evaporation of water, its condensation into clouds,
and its precipitation as rain, dew, frost, snow, or
hail, is an illustration of natural distillation.
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4. The substance extracted by distilling. --Shak.
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{Destructive distillation} (Chem.), the distillation,
especially of complex solid substances, so that the
ultimate constituents are separated or evolved in new
compounds, -- usually requiring a high degree of heat; as,
the destructive distillation of soft coal or of wood.
{Dry distillation}, the distillation of substances by
themselves, or without the addition of water or of other
volatile solvent; as, the dry distillation of citric acid.
{Fractional distillation}. (Chem.) See under {Fractional}.
[1913 Webster]
from
Moby Thesaurus II by Grady Ward, 1.0
163 Moby Thesaurus words for "distillation":
aeration, aerification, artifact, atomization, blazing, blistering,
bolting, brainchild, branding, burning, calcination, carbonization,
cauterization, cautery, child, cineration, clarification, coinage,
colature, combustion, composition, concentrate, concentration,
concoction, concremation, condensation, core, cracking, creation,
creature, cremation, crowning achievement, cupellation, decoction,
deflagration, destructive distillation, disentanglement,
disinvolvement, distillate, distilling, dribble, drip, dripping,
drippings, drop, edulcoration, effect, elixir, elution,
elutriation, end product, essence, essentialization,
etherealization, etherification, evaporation, exhalation,
expression, extract, extraction, fabric, filtering, filtration,
flaming, fluidization, fractionation, fruit, fumigation,
gasification, gist, handiwork, heart, incineration, infusion,
invention, issue, kernel, leaching, leak, leakage, leaking,
lixiviation, manufacture, marrow, masterpiece, masterwork,
material, matter, meat, medium, mintage, narrowing, new mintage,
nub, offspring, opera, opus, opuscule, origination, outcome,
outgrowth, oxidation, oxidization, parching, percolation, pith,
pressing, product, production, purification, pyrolysis,
quintessence, refinement, refining, rendering, rendition, result,
riddling, sap, scorching, scorification, screening, searing,
seepage, seeping, self-immolation, separation, sieving, sifting,
simplification, singeing, smelting, smoking, soaking, soul, spirit,
spiritualization, spurtle, squeezing, steaming, steeping,
straining, streamlining, stripping, stripping down, stuff,
sublimation, substance, sum and substance, suttee, sweating,
the stake, thermogenesis, trickle, tricklet, uncluttering,
unscrambling, unsnarling, vaporization, vesication, volatilization,
winnowing, work
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