from
The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48
Adder \Ad"der\, n. [OE. addere, naddere, eddre, AS. n[ae]dre,
adder, snake; akin to OS. nadra, OHG. natra, natara, Ger.
natter, Goth. nadrs, Icel. na[eth]r, masc., na[eth]ra, fem.:
cf. W. neidr, Gorn. naddyr, Ir. nathair, L. natrix, water
snake. An adder is for a nadder.]
1. A serpent. [Obs.] "The eddre seide to the woman."
--Wyclif. Gen. iii. 4. )
[1913 Webster]
2. (Zool.)
(a) A small venomous serpent of the genus {Vipera}. The
common European adder is the {Vipera berus} or {Pelias
berus}. The puff adders of Africa are species of
{Clotho}.
(b) In America, the term is commonly applied to several
harmless snakes, as the {milk adder}, {puffing adder},
etc.
(c) Same as {Sea Adder}.
[1913 Webster]
Note: In the sculptures the appellation is given to several
venomous serpents, -- sometimes to the horned viper
({Cerastles}).
[1913 Webster]