chimney money

Hearth \Hearth\ (h[aum]rth), n. [OE. harthe, herth, herthe, AS.
   heor[eth]; akin to D. haard, heerd, Sw. h[aum]rd, G. herd;
   cf. Goth. ha['u]ri a coal, Icel. hyrr embers, and L. cremare
   to burn.]
   1. The pavement or floor of brick, stone, or metal in a
      chimney, on which a fire is made; the floor of a
      fireplace; also, a corresponding part of a stove.
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            There was a fire on the hearth burning before him.
                                                  --Jer. xxxvi.
                                                  22.
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            Where fires thou find'st unraked and hearths
            unswept.
            There pinch the maids as blue as bilberry. --Shak.
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   2. The house itself, as the abode of comfort to its inmates
      and of hospitality to strangers; fireside.
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            Household talk and phrases of the hearth.
                                                  --Tennyson.

   3. (Metal. & Manuf.) The floor of a furnace, on which the
      material to be heated lies, or the lowest part of a
      melting furnace, into which the melted material settles;
      as, an open-hearth smelting furnace.
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   {Hearth ends} (Metal.), fragments of lead ore ejected from
      the furnace by the blast.

   {Hearth money}, {Hearth penny} [AS. heor[eth]pening], a tax
      formerly laid in England on hearths, each hearth (in all
      houses paying the church and poor rates) being taxed at
      two shillings; -- called also {chimney money}, etc.
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            He had been importuned by the common people to
            relieve them from the . . . burden of the hearth
            money.                                --Macaulay.
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Chimney \Chim"ney\, n.; pl. {Chimneys}. [F. chemin['e]e, LL.
   caminata, fr. L. caminus furnace, fireplace, Gr. ? furnace,
   oven.]
   1. A fireplace or hearth. [Obs.] --Sir W. Raleigh.
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   2. That part of a building which contains the smoke flues;
      esp. an upright tube or flue of brick or stone, in most
      cases extending through or above the roof of the building.
      Often used instead of chimney shaft.
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            Hard by a cottage chimney smokes.     --Milton.
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   3. A tube usually of glass, placed around a flame, as of a
      lamp, to create a draft, and promote combustion.
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   4. (Min.) A body of ore, usually of elongated form, extending
      downward in a vein. --Raymond.
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   {Chimney board}, a board or screen used to close a fireplace;
      a fireboard.

   {Chimney cap}, a device to improve the draught of a chimney,
      by presenting an exit aperture always to leeward.

   {Chimney corner}, the space between the sides of the
      fireplace and the fire; hence, the fireside.

   {Chimney hook}, a hook for holding pats and kettles over a
      fire,

   {Chimney money}, hearth money, a duty formerly paid in
      England for each chimney.

   {Chimney pot} (Arch.), a cylinder of earthenware or sheet
      metal placed at the top of a chimney which rises above the
      roof.

   {Chimney swallow}. (Zool.)
      (a) An American swift ({Ch[ae]ture pelasgica}) which lives
          in chimneys.
      (b) In England, the common swallow ({Hirundo rustica}).

   {Chimney sweep}, {Chimney sweeper}, one who cleans chimneys
      of soot; esp. a boy who climbs the flue, and brushes off
      the soot.
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