from
The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48
Silver \Sil"ver\ (s[i^]l"v[~e]r), n. [OE. silver, selver,
seolver, AS. seolfor, siolfur, siolufr, silofr, sylofr; akin
to OS. silubar, OFries. selover, D. zilver, LG. sulver, OHG.
silabar, silbar, G. silber, Icel. silfr, Sw. silfver, Dan.
s["o]lv, Goth. silubr, Russ. serebro, Lith. sidabras; of
unknown origin.]
1. (Chem.) A soft white metallic element, sonorous, ductile,
very malleable, and capable of a high degree of polish. It
is found native, and also combined with sulphur, arsenic,
antimony, chlorine, etc., in the minerals argentite,
proustite, pyrargyrite, ceragyrite, etc. Silver is one of
the "noble" metals, so-called, not being easily oxidized,
and is used for coin, jewelry, plate, and a great variety
of articles. Symbol Ag (Argentum). Atomic weight 107.7.
Specific gravity 10.5.
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Note: Silver was known under the name of luna to the ancients
and also to the alchemists. Some of its compounds, as
the halogen salts, are remarkable for the effect of
light upon them, and are used in photography.
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2. Coin made of silver; silver money.
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3. Anything having the luster or appearance of silver.
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4. The color of silver.
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Note: Silver is used in the formation of many compounds of
obvious meaning; as, silver-armed, silver-bright,
silver-buskined, silver-coated, silver-footed,
silver-haired, silver-headed, silver-mantled,
silver-plated, silver-slippered, silver-sounding,
silver-studded, silver-tongued, silver-white. See
{Silver}, a.
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{Black silver} (Min.), stephanite; -- called also {brittle
silver ore}, or {brittle silver glance}.
{Fulminating silver}. (Chem.)
(a) A black crystalline substance, {Ag2O.(NH3)2}, obtained
by dissolving silver oxide in aqua ammonia. When dry
it explodes violently on the slightest percussion.
(b) Silver fulminate, a white crystalline substance,
{Ag2C2N2O2}, obtained by adding alcohol to a solution
of silver nitrate; -- also called {fulminate of
silver}. When dry it is violently explosive.
{German silver}. (Chem.) See under {German}.
{Gray silver}. (Min.) See {Freieslebenite}.
{Horn silver}. (Min.) See {Cerargyrite}.
{King's silver}. (O. Eng. Law) See {Postfine}.
{Red silver}, or {Ruby silver}. (Min.) See {Proustite}, and
{Pyrargyrite}.
{Silver beater}, one who beats silver into silver leaf or
silver foil.
{Silver glance}, or {Vitreous silver}. (Min.) See
{Argentine}.
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from
The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48
Black \Black\ (bl[a^]k), a. [OE. blak, AS. bl[ae]c; akin to
Icel. blakkr dark, swarthy, Sw. bl[aum]ck ink, Dan. bl[ae]k,
OHG. blach, LG. & D. blaken to burn with a black smoke. Not
akin to AS. bl[=a]c, E. bleak pallid. [root]98.]
1. Destitute of light, or incapable of reflecting it; of the
color of soot or coal; of the darkest or a very dark
color, the opposite of {white}; characterized by such a
color; as, black cloth; black hair or eyes.
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O night, with hue so black! --Shak.
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2. In a less literal sense: Enveloped or shrouded in
darkness; very dark or gloomy; as, a black night; the
heavens black with clouds.
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I spy a black, suspicious, threatening cloud.
--Shak.
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3. Fig.: Dismal, gloomy, or forbidding, like darkness;
destitute of moral light or goodness; atrociously wicked;
cruel; mournful; calamitous; horrible. "This day's black
fate." "Black villainy." "Arise, black vengeance." "Black
day." "Black despair." --Shak.
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4. Expressing menace, or discontent; threatening; sullen;
foreboding; as, to regard one with black looks.
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Note: Black is often used in self-explaining compound words;
as, black-eyed, black-faced, black-haired,
black-visaged.
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{Black act}, the English statute 9 George I, which makes it a
felony to appear armed in any park or warren, etc., or to
hunt or steal deer, etc., with the face blackened or
disguised. Subsequent acts inflicting heavy penalties for
malicious injuries to cattle and machinery have been
called black acts.
{Black angel} (Zool.), a fish of the West Indies and Florida
({Holacanthus tricolor}), with the head and tail yellow,
and the middle of the body black.
{Black antimony} (Chem.), the black sulphide of antimony,
{Sb2S3}, used in pyrotechnics, etc.
{Black bear} (Zool.), the common American bear ({Ursus
Americanus}).
{Black beast}. See {B[^e]te noire}.
{Black beetle} (Zool.), the common large cockroach ({Blatta
orientalis}).
{Black bonnet} (Zool.), the black-headed bunting ({Embriza
Sch[oe]niclus}) of Europe.
{Black canker}, a disease in turnips and other crops,
produced by a species of caterpillar.
{Black cat} (Zool.), the fisher, a quadruped of North America
allied to the sable, but larger. See {Fisher}.
{Black cattle}, any bovine cattle reared for slaughter, in
distinction from dairy cattle. [Eng.]
{Black cherry}. See under {Cherry}.
{Black cockatoo} (Zool.), the palm cockatoo. See {Cockatoo}.
{Black copper}. Same as {Melaconite}.
{Black currant}. (Bot.) See {Currant}.
{Black diamond}. (Min.) See {Carbonado}.
{Black draught} (Med.), a cathartic medicine, composed of
senna and magnesia.
{Black drop} (Med.), vinegar of opium; a narcotic preparation
consisting essentially of a solution of opium in vinegar.
{Black earth}, mold; earth of a dark color. --Woodward.
{Black flag}, the flag of a pirate, often bearing in white a
skull and crossbones; a signal of defiance.
{Black flea} (Zool.), a flea beetle ({Haltica nemorum})
injurious to turnips.
{Black flux}, a mixture of carbonate of potash and charcoal,
obtained by deflagrating tartar with half its weight of
niter. --Brande & C.
{Black Forest} [a translation of G. Schwarzwald], a forest in
Baden and W["u]rtemburg, in Germany; a part of the ancient
Hercynian forest.
{Black game}, or {Black grouse}. (Zool.) See {Blackcock},
{Grouse}, and {Heath grouse}.
{Black grass} (Bot.), a grasslike rush of the species {Juncus
Gerardi}, growing on salt marshes, and making good hay.
{Black gum} (Bot.), an American tree, the tupelo or
pepperidge. See {Tupelo}.
{Black Hamburg (grape)} (Bot.), a sweet and juicy variety of
dark purple or "black" grape.
{Black horse} (Zool.), a fish of the Mississippi valley
({Cycleptus elongatus}), of the sucker family; the
Missouri sucker.
{Black lemur} (Zool.), the {Lemurniger} of Madagascar; the
{acoumbo} of the natives.
{Black list}, a list of persons who are for some reason
thought deserving of censure or punishment; -- esp. a list
of persons stigmatized as insolvent or untrustworthy, made
for the protection of tradesmen or employers. See
{Blacklist}, v. t.
{Black manganese} (Chem.), the black oxide of manganese,
{MnO2}.
{Black Maria}, the close wagon in which prisoners are carried
to or from jail.
{Black martin} (Zool.), the chimney swift. See {Swift}.
{Black moss} (Bot.), the common so-called long moss of the
southern United States. See {Tillandsia}.
{Black oak}. See under {Oak}.
{Black ocher}. See {Wad}.
{Black pigment}, a very fine, light carbonaceous substance,
or lampblack, prepared chiefly for the manufacture of
printers' ink. It is obtained by burning common coal tar.
{Black plate}, sheet iron before it is tinned. --Knight.
{Black quarter}, malignant anthrax with engorgement of a
shoulder or quarter, etc., as of an ox.
{Black rat} (Zool.), one of the species of rats ({Mus
rattus}), commonly infesting houses.
{Black rent}. See {Blackmail}, n., 3.
{Black rust}, a disease of wheat, in which a black, moist
matter is deposited in the fissures of the grain.
{Black sheep}, one in a family or company who is unlike the
rest, and makes trouble.
{Black silver}. (Min.) See under {Silver}.
{Black and tan}, black mixed or spotted with tan color or
reddish brown; -- used in describing certain breeds of
dogs.
{Black tea}. See under {Tea}.
{Black tin} (Mining), tin ore (cassiterite), when dressed,
stamped and washed, ready for smelting. It is in the form
of a black powder, like fine sand. --Knight.
{Black walnut}. See under {Walnut}.
{Black warrior} (Zool.), an American hawk ({Buteo Harlani}).
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Syn: Dark; murky; pitchy; inky; somber; dusky; gloomy; swart;
Cimmerian; ebon; atrocious.
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