from
The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48
Bone \Bone\ (b[=o]n; 110), n. [OE. bon, ban, AS. b[=a]n; akin to
Icel. bein, Sw. ben, Dan. & D. been, G. bein bone, leg; cf.
Icel. beinn straight.]
1. (Anat.) The hard, calcified tissue of the skeleton of
vertebrate animals, consisting very largely of calcium
carbonate, calcium phosphate, and gelatine; as, blood and
bone.
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Note: Even in the hardest parts of bone there are many minute
cavities containing living matter and connected by
minute canals, some of which connect with larger canals
through which blood vessels ramify.
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2. One of the pieces or parts of an animal skeleton; as, a
rib or a thigh bone; a bone of the arm or leg; also, any
fragment of bony substance. (pl.) The frame or skeleton of
the body.
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3. Anything made of bone, as a bobbin for weaving bone lace.
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4. pl. Two or four pieces of bone held between the fingers
and struck together to make a kind of music.
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5. pl. Dice.
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6. Whalebone; hence, a piece of whalebone or of steel for a
corset.
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7. Fig.: The framework of anything.
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{A bone of contention}, a subject of contention or dispute.
{A bone to pick}, something to investigate, or to busy one's
self about; a dispute to be settled (with some one).
{Bone ash}, the residue from calcined bones; -- used for
making cupels, and for cleaning jewelry.
{Bone black} (Chem.), the black, carbonaceous substance into
which bones are converted by calcination in close vessels;
-- called also {animal charcoal}. It is used as a
decolorizing material in filtering sirups, extracts, etc.,
and as a black pigment. See {Ivory black}, under {Black}.
{Bone cave}, a cave in which are found bones of extinct or
recent animals, mingled sometimes with the works and bones
of man. --Am. Cyc.
{Bone dust}, ground or pulverized bones, used as a
fertilizer.
{Bone earth} (Chem.), the earthy residuum after the
calcination of bone, consisting chiefly of phosphate of
calcium.
{Bone lace}, a lace made of linen thread, so called because
woven with bobbins of bone.
{Bone oil}, an oil obtained by heating bones (as in the
manufacture of bone black), and remarkable for containing
the nitrogenous bases, pyridine and quinoline, and their
derivatives; -- also called {Dippel's oil}.
{Bone setter}. Same as {Bonesetter}. See in the Vocabulary.
{Bone shark} (Zool.), the basking shark.
{Bone spavin}. See under {Spavin}.
{Bone turquoise}, fossil bone or tooth of a delicate blue
color, sometimes used as an imitation of true turquoise.
{Bone whale} (Zool.), a right whale.
{To be upon the bones of}, to attack. [Obs.]
{To make no bones}, to make no scruple; not to hesitate.
[Low]
{To pick a bone with}, to quarrel with, as dogs quarrel over
a bone; to settle a disagreement. [Colloq.]
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from
The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48
Charcoal \Char"coal`\, n. [See {Char}, v. t., to burn or to
reduce to coal, and {Coal}.]
1. Impure carbon prepared from vegetable or animal
substances; esp., coal made by charring wood in a kiln,
retort, etc., from which air is excluded. It is used for
fuel and in various mechanical, artistic, and chemical
processes.
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2. (Fine Arts) Finely prepared charcoal in small sticks, used
as a drawing implement.
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{Animal charcoal}, a fine charcoal prepared by calcining
bones in a closed vessel; -- used as a filtering agent in
sugar refining, and as an absorbent and disinfectant.
{Charcoal blacks}, the black pigment, consisting of burnt
ivory, bone, cock, peach stones, and other substances.
{Charcoal drawing} (Fine Arts), a drawing made with charcoal.
See {Charcoal}, 2. Until within a few years this material
has been used almost exclusively for preliminary outline,
etc., but at present many finished drawings are made with
it.
{Charcoal point}, a carbon pencil prepared for use in an
electric light apparatus.
{Mineral charcoal}, a term applied to silky fibrous layers of
charcoal, interlaminated in beds of ordinary bituminous
coal; -- known to miners as mother of coal.
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