Fourier n 1: French mathematician who developed Fourier analysis and studied the conduction of heat (1768-1830) [syn: {Fourier}, {Jean Baptiste Joseph Fourier}, {Baron Jean Baptiste Joseph Fourier}] 2: French sociologist and reformer who hoped to achieve universal harmony by reorganizing society (1772-1837) [syn: {Fourier}, {Charles Fourier}, {Francois Marie Charles Fourier}]