the petition of right

Petition \Pe*ti"tion\, n. [F. p['e]tition, L. petitio, fr.
   petere, petitum, to beg, ask, seek; perh. akin to E. feather,
   or find.]
   1. A prayer; a supplication; an imploration; an entreaty;
      especially, a request of a solemn or formal kind; a prayer
      to the Supreme Being, or to a person of superior power,
      rank, or authority; also, a single clause in such a
      prayer.
      [1913 Webster]

            A house of prayer and petition for thy people. --1
                                                  Macc. vii. 37.
      [1913 Webster]

            This last petition heard of all her prayer.
                                                  --Dryden.
      [1913 Webster]

   2. A formal written request addressed to an official person,
      or to an organized body, having power to grant it.
      [1913 Webster]

   3. Specifically: (Law), A request to government, in either of
      its branches, for the granting of a particular grace or
      right, or for the legislature to take a specific action;
      -- in distinction from a {memorial}, which calls certain
      facts to mind. The petition may be signed by one or any
      number of persons.
      [1913 Webster + PJC]

   4. The written document containing a {petition} (senses 1 or
      2).
      [1913 Webster]

   {Petition of right} (Law), a petition to obtain possession or
      restitution of property, either real or personal, from the
      Crown, which suggests such a title as controverts the
      title of the Crown, grounded on facts disclosed in the
      petition itself. --Mozley & W.

   {The Petition of Right} (Eng. Hist.), the parliamentary
      declaration of the rights of the people, assented to by
      Charles I.
      [1913 Webster]