from
CIA World Factbook 2006
San Marino
Introduction
Background: The third smallest state in Europe (after the Holy See
and Monaco) also claims to be the world's oldest
republic. According to tradition, it was founded by a
Christian stonemason named Marino in 301 A.D. San
Marino's foreign policy is aligned with that of Italy.
Social and political trends in the republic also track
closely with those of its larger neighbor.
Geography
Location: Southern Europe, an enclave in central Italy
Geographic 43 46 N, 12 25 E
coordinates:
Map Europe
references:
Area: total: 61.2 sq km
land: 61.2 sq km
water: 0 sq km
Area - about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC
comparative:
Land total: 39 km
boundaries: border countries: Italy 39 km
Coastline: 0 km (landlocked)
Maritime none (landlocked)
claims:
Climate: Mediterranean; mild to cool winters; warm, sunny
summers
Terrain: rugged mountains
Elevation lowest point: Torrente Ausa 55 m
extremes: highest point: Monte Titano 755 m
Natural building stone
resources:
Land use: arable land: 16.67%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 83.33% (2005)
Irrigated NA
land:
Natural NA
hazards:
Environment - NA
current
issues:
Environment - party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification
international signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution
agreements:
Geography - landlocked; smallest independent state in Europe after
note: the Holy See and Monaco; dominated by the Apennines
People
Population: 29,251 (July 2006 est.)
Age structure: 0-14 years: 16.8% (male 2,534/female 2,372)
15-64 years: 66.2% (male 9,316/female 10,055)
65 years and over: 17% (male 2,149/female 2,825) (2006
est.)
Median age: total: 40.6 years
male: 40.3 years
female: 41 years (2006 est.)
Population 1.26% (2006 est.)
growth rate:
Birth rate: 10.02 births/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Death rate: 8.17 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Net migration 10.7 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.)
rate:
Sex ratio: at birth: 1.09 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.07 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 0.93 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.76 male(s)/female
total population: 0.92 male(s)/female (2006 est.)
Infant total: 5.63 deaths/1,000 live births
mortality male: 6.06 deaths/1,000 live births
rate: female: 5.17 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)
Life total population: 81.71 years
expectancy at male: 78.23 years
birth: female: 85.5 years (2006 est.)
Total 1.34 children born/woman (2006 est.)
fertility
rate:
HIV/AIDS - NA
adult
prevalence
rate:
HIV/AIDS - NA
people living
with HIV/AIDS:
HIV/AIDS - NA
deaths:
Nationality: noun: Sammarinese (singular and plural)
adjective: Sammarinese
Ethnic groups: Sammarinese, Italian
Religions: Roman Catholic
Languages: Italian
Literacy: definition: age 10 and over can read and write
total population: 96%
male: 97%
female: 95% (1976 est.)
Government
Country name: conventional long form: Republic of San Marino
conventional short form: San Marino
local long form: Repubblica di San Marino
local short form: San Marino
Government independent republic
type:
Capital: name: San Marino
geographic coordinates: 43 56 N, 12 25 E
time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC
during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in
March; ends last Sunday in October
Administrative 9 municipalities (castelli, singular - castello);
divisions: Acquaviva, Borgo Maggiore, Chiesanuova, Domagnano,
Faetano, Fiorentino, Montegiardino, San Marino Citta,
Serravalle
Independence: 3 September A.D. 301
National Founding of the Republic, 3 September (A.D. 301)
holiday:
Constitution: 8 October 1600; electoral law of 1926 serves some of
the functions of a constitution
Legal system: based on civil law system with Italian law influences;
has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal
Executive chief of state: Cochiefs of State Captain Regent
branch: Antonio CARATTONI and Captain Regent Roberto GIORGETTI
(for the period 1 October 2006-31 March 2007)
head of government: Secretary of State for Foreign and
Political Affairs Fiorenzo STOLFI (since 27 July 2006)
cabinet: Congress of State elected by the Great and
General Council for a five-year term
elections: cochiefs of state (captains regent) elected
by the Great and General Council for a six-month term;
election last held in September 2006 (next to be held
March 2007); secretary of state for foreign and
political affairs elected by the Great and General
Council for a five-year term; election last held 13
December 2003 (next to be held NA)
election results: Antonio CARATTONI and Roberto
GIORGETTI elected captains regent; percent of
legislative vote - NA; Fabio BERARDI elected secretary
of state for foreign and political affairs; percent of
legislative vote - NA
note: the popularly elected parliament (Grand and
General Council) selects two of its members to serve as
the Captains Regent (cochiefs of state) for a six-month
period; they preside over meetings of the Grand and
General Council and its cabinet (Congress of State),
which has 10 other members, all selected by the Grand
and General Council; assisting the captains regent are
10 secretaries of state; the secretary of state for
Foreign Affairs has assumed some of the prerogatives of
a prime minister
Legislative unicameral Grand and General Council or Consiglio
branch: Grande e Generale (60 seats; members are elected by
direct, popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 4 June 2006 (next to be held by
June 2011)
election results: percent of vote by party - PDCS
32.9%, Party of Socialists and Democrats 31.9%, APDS
11.9%, United Left 8.7%, New Socialist Party 5.4%;
seats by party - PDCS 21, Party of Socialists and
Democrats 20, APDS 7, United Left 5, New Socialist
Party 3, other 4
Judicial Council of Twelve or Consiglio dei XII
branch:
Political Communist Refoundation or RC [Ivan FOSHI]; Ideas in
parties and Movement or IM [Alessandro ROSSI]; National Alliance or
leaders: AN; New Socialist Party; Party of Socialists and
Democrats [Claudio FELICI]; San Marino Christian
Democratic Party or PDCS [Giovanni LONFERNINI]; San
Marino Popular Alliance of Democrats or APDS [Roberto
GIORGETTI]; San Marino Socialist Party or PSS [Alberto
CECCHETTI]; Socialists for Reform or SR [Renzo GIARDI];
United Left
Political NA
pressure
groups and
leaders:
International CE, FAO, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IFRCS, ILO,
organization IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), IPU, ITU,
participation: OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WToO
Diplomatic San Marino does not have an embassy in the US
representation honorary consulate(s) general: New York, Washington, DC
in the US: honorary consulate(s): Detroit, Honolulu
Diplomatic the US does not have an embassy in San Marino; the US
representation Consul General in Florence (Italy) is accredited to San
from the US: Marino
Flag two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and light
description: blue with the national coat of arms superimposed in the
center; the coat of arms has a shield (featuring three
towers on three peaks) flanked by a wreath, below a
crown and above a scroll bearing the word LIBERTAS
(Liberty)
Economy
Economy - The tourist sector contributes over 50% of GDP. In 2000
overview: more than 3 million tourists visited San Marino. The
key industries are banking, wearing apparel,
electronics, and ceramics. Main agricultural products
are wine and cheeses. The per capita level of output
and standard of living are comparable to those of the
most prosperous regions of Italy, which supplies much
of its food.
GDP $940 million (2001 est.)
(purchasing
power parity):
GDP (official $880 million
exchange
rate):
GDP - real 2.3% (2002 est.)
growth rate:
GDP - per $34,600 (2001 est.)
capita (PPP):
GDP - agriculture: NA%
composition by industry: NA%
sector: services: NA%
Labor force: 19,970 (2003)
Labor force - agriculture: 1%
by occupation: industry: 42%
services: 57% (2000 est.)
Unemployment 2.6% (2001)
rate:
Population NA%
below poverty
line:
Household lowest 10%: NA%
income or highest 10%: NA%
consumption by
percentage
share:
Inflation rate -1.7% (2001)
(consumer
prices):
Budget: revenues: $400 million
expenditures: $400 million; including capital
expenditures of $NA (2000 est.)
Agriculture - wheat, grapes, corn, olives; cattle, pigs, horses,
products: beef, cheese, hides
Industries: tourism, banking, textiles, electronics, ceramics,
cement, wine
Industrial 6% (1997 est.)
production
growth rate:
Exports: trade data are included with the statistics for Italy
Exports - building stone, lime, wood, chestnuts, wheat, wine,
commodities: baked goods, hides, ceramics
Imports: trade data are included with the statistics for Italy
Imports - wide variety of consumer manufactures, food
commodities:
Debt - $NA
external:
Economic aid - $NA
recipient:
Currency euro (EUR)
(code):
Currency code: EUR
Exchange euros per US dollar - 0.8041 (2005), 0.8054 (2004),
rates: 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001)
Fiscal year: calendar year
Communications
Telephones - 20,600 (2002)
main lines in
use:
Telephones - 16,800 (2002)
mobile
cellular:
Telephone general assessment: adequate connections
system: domestic: automatic telephone system completely
integrated into Italian system
international: country code - 378; connected to Italian
international network
Radio AM 0, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998)
broadcast
stations:
Radios: 16,000 (1997)
Television 1 (San Marino residents also receive broadcasts from
broadcast Italy) (1997)
stations:
Televisions: 9,000 (1997)
Internet .sm
country code:
Internet 3,140 (2006)
hosts:
Internet 2 (2000)
Service
Providers
(ISPs):
Internet 14,300 (2002)
users:
Transportation
Roadways: total: 104 km
paved: 104 km (2003)
Military
Military no regular military forces; Voluntary Military Force
branches: (Corpi Militari Voluntar) performs ceremonial duties
and limited police functions (2006)
Manpower males age 18-49: 6,331 (2005 est.)
available for
military
service:
Manpower fit males age 18-49: 5,107 (2005 est.)
for military
service:
Manpower males age 18-49: 135 (2005 est.)
reaching
military
service age
annually:
Military $700,000 (FY00/01)
expenditures -
dollar figure:
Military NA
expenditures -
percent of
GDP:
Military - defense is the responsibility of Italy
note:
Transnational
Issues
Disputes - none
international: