Neanderthal race \Neanderthal race\, or Neanderthal man \Neanderthal man\, a species of extinct robust humans, believed to have been widespread in the Middle Paleolithic in Europe and western Asia; as, a Neanderthal skull. Syn: Neanderthalian. [Webster 1913 Suppl. + WordNet 1.5] 2. Similar to or reminiscent of a neanderthal human; troglodytic; primitive and uncultured. [PJC]