from
The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (8 July 2008)
Network Address Translation
NAT
Network Address Translator
<networking> (NAT, or Network Address Translator, Virtual LAN)
A technique in which a {router} or {firewall} rewrites the
source and/or destination {Internet addresses} in a packet as
it passes through, typically to allow multiple {hosts} to
connect to the {Internet} via a single external {IP address}.
NAT keeps track of outbound connections and distributes
incoming packets to the correct machine.
NAT is an alternative to adopting {IPv6} (IPng). It allows
the same IP addresses (10.x.x.x is the conventional range) to
be used on many private local networks while requiring only
one of the increasingly scarce public addresses to be
allocated to each private network.
NAT does not however allow an external service to initiate a
TCP connection to an internal host, nor does it support
stateless protocols based on UDP well unless the router
software has extensions to support each specific protocol.
(2005-09-18)