in solido

IN SOLIDO. A term used in the civil law, to signify that a contract is 
joint. 
     2. Obligations are in solido, first, between several creditors; 
secondly, between several debtors. 1. When a person contracts the obligation 
of one and the same thing, in favor of several others, each of these is only 
creditor for his own share, but he may contract with each of them for the 
whole when such is the intention of the parties, so that each of the persons 
in whose favor the obligation is contracted, is creditor for the whole, but 
that a payment made to any one liberates the debtor against them all. This 
is called solidity of obligation. Poth. Ob. pt. 2, c. 3, art. 7. The common 
law is exactly the reverse of this, for a general obligation in favor of 
several persons, is a joint obligation to them all, unless the nature of the 
subject, or the particularity of the expression lead to a different 
conclusion. Evans' Poth. vol. 2, p. 56. See tit. Joint and Several; Parties 
to action. 
     3.-2. An obligation is contracted in solido on the part of the 
debtors, when each of them is obliged for the whole, but so that a payment 
made by one liberates them all. Poth. Ob. pt. 2, c. 3, art. 7, s 1. See 9 
M. R. 322; 5 L. R. 287; 2 N. S. 140; 3 L. R. 352; 4 N. S. 317; 5 L. R. 122; 
12 M. R. 216; Burge on Sur. 398-420.