dutch gold

Gold \Gold\ (g[=o]ld), n. [AS. gold; akin to D. goud, OS. & G.
   gold, Icel. gull, Sw. & Dan. guld, Goth. gul[thorn], Russ. &
   OSlav. zlato; prob. akin to E. yellow. [root]49, 234. See
   {Yellow}, and cf. {Gild}, v. t.]
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   1. (Chem.) A metallic element of atomic number 79,
      constituting the most precious metal used as a common
      commercial medium of exchange. It has a characteristic
      yellow color, is one of the heaviest substances known
      (specific gravity 19.32), is soft, and very malleable and
      ductile. It is quite unalterable by heat (melting point
      1064.4[deg] C), moisture, and most corrosive agents, and
      therefore well suited for its use in coin and jewelry.
      Symbol Au ({Aurum}). Atomic weight 196.97.
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   Note: Native gold contains usually eight to ten per cent of
         silver, but often much more. As the amount of silver
         increases, the color becomes whiter and the specific
         gravity lower. Gold is very widely disseminated, as in
         the sands of many rivers, but in very small quantity.
         It usually occurs in quartz veins (gold quartz), in
         slate and metamorphic rocks, or in sand and alluvial
         soil, resulting from the disintegration of such rocks.
         It also occurs associated with other metallic
         substances, as in auriferous pyrites, and is combined
         with tellurium in the minerals petzite, calaverite,
         sylvanite, etc. Pure gold is too soft for ordinary use,
         and is hardened by alloying with silver and copper, the
         latter giving a characteristic reddish tinge. [See
         {Carat}.] Gold also finds use in gold foil, in the
         pigment purple of Cassius, and in the chloride, which
         is used as a toning agent in photography.
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   2. Money; riches; wealth.
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            For me, the gold of France did not seduce. --Shak.
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   3. A yellow color, like that of the metal; as, a flower
      tipped with gold.
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   4. Figuratively, something precious or pure; as, hearts of
      gold. --Shak.
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   {Age of gold}. See {Golden age}, under {Golden}.

   {Dutch gold}, {Fool's gold}, {Gold dust}, etc. See under
      {Dutch}, {Dust}, etc.

   {Gold amalgam}, a mineral, found in Columbia and California,
      composed of gold and mercury.

   {Gold beater}, one whose occupation is to beat gold into gold
      leaf.

   {Gold beater's skin}, the prepared outside membrane of the
      large intestine of the ox, used for separating the leaves
      of metal during the process of gold-beating.

   {Gold beetle} (Zool.), any small gold-colored beetle of the
      family {Chrysomelid[ae]}; -- called also {golden beetle}.
      

   {Gold blocking}, printing with gold leaf, as upon a book
      cover, by means of an engraved block. --Knight.

   {Gold cloth}. See {Cloth of gold}, under {Cloth}.

   {Gold Coast}, a part of the coast of Guinea, in West Africa.
      

   {Gold cradle}. (Mining) See {Cradle}, n., 7.

   {Gold diggings}, the places, or region, where gold is found
      by digging in sand and gravel from which it is separated
      by washing.

   {Gold end}, a fragment of broken gold or jewelry.

   {Gold-end man}.
      (a) A buyer of old gold or jewelry.
      (b) A goldsmith's apprentice.
      (c) An itinerant jeweler. "I know him not: he looks like a
          gold-end man." --B. Jonson.

   {Gold fever}, a popular mania for gold hunting.

   {Gold field}, a region in which are deposits of gold.

   {Gold finder}.
      (a) One who finds gold.
      (b) One who empties privies. [Obs. & Low] --Swift.

   {Gold flower}, a composite plant with dry and persistent
      yellow radiating involucral scales, the {Helichrysum
      St[oe]chas} of Southern Europe. There are many South
      African species of the same genus.

   {Gold foil}, thin sheets of gold, as used by dentists and
      others. See {Gold leaf}.

   {Gold knobs} or {Gold knoppes} (Bot.), buttercups.

   {Gold lace}, a kind of lace, made of gold thread.

   {Gold latten}, a thin plate of gold or gilded metal.

   {Gold leaf}, gold beaten into a film of extreme thinness, and
      used for gilding, etc. It is much thinner than gold foil.
      

   {Gold lode} (Mining), a gold vein.

   {Gold mine}, a place where gold is obtained by mining
      operations, as distinguished from diggings, where it is
      extracted by washing. Cf. {Gold diggings} (above).

   {Gold nugget}, a lump of gold as found in gold mining or
      digging; -- called also a {pepito}.

   {Gold paint}. See {Gold shell}.

   {Gold pheasant}, or {Golden pheasant}. (Zool.) See under
      {Pheasant}.

   {Gold plate}, a general name for vessels, dishes, cups,
      spoons, etc., made of gold.

   {Mosaic gold}. See under {Mosaic}.
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Brass \Brass\, n.; pl. {Brasses}. [OE. bras, bres, AS. br[ae]s;
   akin to Icel. bras cement, solder, brasa to harden by fire,
   and to E. braze, brazen. Cf. 1st & 2d {Braze}.]
   1. An alloy (usually yellow) of copper and zinc, in variable
      proportion, but often containing two parts of copper to
      one part of zinc. It sometimes contains tin, and rarely
      other metals.
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   2. (Mach.) A journal bearing, so called because frequently
      made of brass. A brass is often lined with a softer metal,
      when the latter is generally called a white metal lining.
      See {Axle box}, {Journal Box}, and {Bearing}.
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   3. Coin made of copper, brass, or bronze. [Obs.]
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            Provide neither gold, nor silver, nor brass in your
            purses, nor scrip for your journey.   --Matt. x. 9.
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   4. Impudence; a brazen face. [Colloq.]
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   5. pl. Utensils, ornaments, or other articles of brass.
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            The very scullion who cleans the brasses.
                                                  --Hopkinson.
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   6. A brass plate engraved with a figure or device.
      Specifically, one used as a memorial to the dead, and
      generally having the portrait, coat of arms, etc.
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   7. pl. (Mining) Lumps of pyrites or sulphuret of iron, the
      color of which is near to that of brass.
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   Note: The word brass as used in Sculpture language is a
         translation for copper or some kind of bronze.
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   Note: Brass is often used adjectively or in self-explaining
         compounds; as, brass button, brass kettle, brass
         founder, brass foundry or brassfoundry.
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   {Brass band} (Mus.), a band of musicians who play upon wind
      instruments made of brass, as trumpets, cornets, etc.

   {Brass foil}, {Brass leaf}, brass made into very thin sheets;
      -- called also {Dutch gold}.
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Dutch \Dutch\, a. [D. duitsch German; or G. deutsch, orig.,
   popular, national, OD. dietsc, MHG. diutsch, tiutsch, OHG.
   diutisk, fr. diot, diota, a people, a nation; akin to AS.
   pe['o]d, OS. thiod, thioda, Goth. piuda; cf. Lith. tauta
   land, OIr. tuath people, Oscan touto. The English have
   applied the name especially to the Germanic people living
   nearest them, the Hollanders. Cf. {Derrick}, {Teutonic}.]
   Pertaining to Holland, or to its inhabitants.
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   {Dutch auction}. See under {Auction}.

   {Dutch cheese}, a small, pound, hard cheese, made from skim
      milk.

   {Dutch clinker}, a kind of brick made in Holland. It is
      yellowish, very hard, and long and narrow in shape.

   {Dutch clover} (Bot.), common white clover ({Trifolium
      repens}), the seed of which was largely imported into
      England from Holland.

   {Dutch concert}, a so-called concert in which all the singers
      sing at the same time different songs. [Slang]

   {Dutch courage}, the courage of partial intoxication. [Slang]
      --Marryat.

   {Dutch door}, a door divided into two parts, horizontally, so
      arranged that the lower part can be shut and fastened,
      while the upper part remains open.

   {Dutch foil}, {Dutch leaf}, or {Dutch gold}, a kind of brass
      rich in copper, rolled or beaten into thin sheets, used in
      Holland to ornament toys and paper; -- called also {Dutch
      mineral}, {Dutch metal}, {brass foil}, and {bronze leaf}.
      

   {Dutch liquid} (Chem.), a thin, colorless, volatile liquid,
      {C2H4Cl2}, of a sweetish taste and a pleasant ethereal
      odor, produced by the union of chlorine and ethylene or
      olefiant gas; -- called also {Dutch oil}. It is so called
      because discovered (in 1795) by an association of four
      Hollandish chemists. See {Ethylene}, and {Olefiant}.

   {Dutch oven}, a tin screen for baking before an open fire or
      kitchen range; also, in the United States, a shallow iron
      kettle for baking, with a cover to hold burning coals.

   {Dutch pink}, chalk, or whiting dyed yellow, and used in
      distemper, and for paper staining. etc. --Weale.

   {Dutch rush} (Bot.), a species of horsetail rush or
      {Equisetum} ({Equisetum hyemale}) having a rough,
      siliceous surface, and used for scouring and polishing; --
      called also {scouring rush}, and {shave grass}. See
      {Equisetum}.

   {Dutch tile}, a glazed and painted ornamental tile, formerly
      much exported, and used in the jambs of chimneys and the
      like.
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   Note: Dutch was formerly used for German.
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               Germany is slandered to have sent none to this
               war [the Crusades] at this first voyage; and that
               other pilgrims, passing through that country,
               were mocked by the Dutch, and called fools for
               their pains.                       --Fuller.
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