recognizance

recognizance
    n 1: (law) a security entered into before a court with a
         condition to perform some act required by law; on failure
         to perform that act a sum is forfeited [syn:
         {recognizance}, {recognisance}]
    

Recognizance \Re*cog"ni*zance\ (r[-e]*k[o^]g"n[i^]*zans or
   r[-e]*k[o^]n"[i^]-), n. [F. reconnaissance, OF.
   recognoissance, fr. recognoissant, p. pr. of recognoistre to
   recognize, F. reconna[^i]tre, fr. L. recognoscere; pref. re-
   re- + cognoscere to know. See {Cognizance}, {Know}, and cf.
   {Recognize}, {Reconnoissance}.] [Written also
   {recognisance}.]
   1. (Law)
      (a) An obligation of record entered into before some court
          of record or magistrate duly authorized, with
          condition to do some particular act, as to appear at
          the same or some other court, to keep the peace, or
          pay a debt. A recognizance differs from a bond, being
          witnessed by the record only, and not by the party's
          seal.
      (b) The verdict of a jury impaneled upon assize. --Cowell.
          [1913 Webster]

   Note: Among lawyers the g in this and the related words
         (except recognize) is usually silent.
         [1913 Webster]

   2. A token; a symbol; a pledge; a badge.
      [1913 Webster]

            That recognizance and pledge of love
            Which I first gave her.               --Shak.
      [1913 Webster]

   3. Acknowledgment of a person or thing; avowal; profession;
      recognition.
      [1913 Webster]
    

RECOGNIZANCE, contracts. An obligation of record entered into before a court 
or officer duly authorized for that purpose, with a condition to do some act 
required by law, which is therein specified. 2 Bl. Com. 341; Bro. Ab. h.t.; 
Dick. Just. h.t.; 1 Chit. Cr. Law, 90. 
     2. Recognizances relate either to criminal or civil matters. 1. 
Recognizances in criminal cases, are either that the party shall appear 
before the proper court to answer to such charges as are or shall be made 
against him, that he shall keep the peace or be of good behaviour. Witnesses 
are also required to be bound in a recognizance to testify. 
     3.-2. In civil cases, recognizances are entered into by bail, 
conditioned that they will pay the debt, interest and costs recovered by the 
plaintiff under certain contingencies. There are also cases where 
recognizances are entered into under the authority and requirements of 
statutes. 
     4. As to the form. The party need not sign it; the court, judge or 
magistrate having authority to take the same, makes a short memorandum on 
the record, which is sufficient. 2 Binn. R. 481; 1 Chit. Cr. Law, 90; 2 
Wash. C. C. R. 422; 9 Mass. 520; 1 Dana, 523; 1 Tyler, 291; 4 Vern. 488; 1 
Stew. & Port. 465; 7 Vern. 529; 2 A. R. Marsh. 131; 5 S. & R. 147; Vide 
generally, Com. Dig. Forcible Entry, D 27; Id. Obligation, K; Whart. Dig. 
h.t. Vin. Ab. h.t.; Rolle's Ab. h.t.; 2 Wash. C. C. Rep. 422; Id. 29; 2 
Yeates, R. 437; 1 Binn. R. 98, note 1 Serg. & Rawle, 328 3 Yeates, R. 93; 
Burn. Just. h.t. Vin. Ab. h.t.; 2 Sell. Pract. 45. 
    

52 Moby Thesaurus words for "recognizance":
      agreement, arrangement, bail, bond, commitment, contract,
      contract by deed, contract of record, contract quasi,
      covenant of indemnity, debenture, debenture bond, deed,
      deed of trust, deed poll, earnest, earnest money, engagement,
      escrow, formal contract, gage, group policy, handsel, hock,
      hostage, implied contract, indent, indenture, insurance policy,
      mainprise, mortgage deed, obligation, parol contract, pawn, pignus,
      pledge, policy, preengagement, promissory note, replevin, replevy,
      special contract, specialty, specialty contract, surety,
      title deed, token payment, understanding, undertaking, vadimonium,
      vadium, verbal agreement