from
The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48
muckrake \muck"rake`\ (m[u^]k"r[=a]k`), v. i. [imp. & p. p.
{-raked}; p. pr. & vb. n. {-raking}.]
To seek for, expose, or charge, especially habitually,
corruption, real or alleged, on the part of public men and
corporations.
Note: On April 14, 1906, President Roosevelt delivered a
speech on "The Man with the Muck Rake," in which he
deprecated sweeping and unjust charges of corruption
against public men and corporations. The phrase was
taken up by the press, and the verb to {muckrake}, in
the above sense, and the noun muckraker, to designate
one so engaged, were speedily coined and obtained wide
currency. The original allusion was to a character in
Bunyan's "Pilgrim's Progress" so intent on raking up
muck that he could not see a celestial crown held above
him.
[Webster 1913 Suppl.]